Oral and maxillofacial surgery addresses complex issues related to the head, neck, face, jaws, and oral tissues. It’s globally acknowledged as a surgical specialty within dentistry, endorsed by entities like the American Dental Association. This field specializes in surgeries to fix severe diseases, injuries, and deformities affecting these regions, ensuring comprehensive treatment from diagnosis to rehabilitation.
Corrective Jaw Surgery
Orthognathic surgery realigns the jaw to correct dental and skeletal discrepancies, improving functions like chewing and speech. Common reasons for this surgery include jaw misalignment, excessive tooth wear, and sleep apnea, aiming to enhance both oral functionality and aesthetic appearance.
Wisdom Teeth
Wisdom teeth, often emerging last, can become impacted if there’s insufficient space, leading to potential decay, infection, and gum disease. Early removal is recommended by oral surgeons to prevent complications and facilitate easier recovery.
Cleft Palate
Cleft lip and palate arise when facial structures do not merge correctly during fetal development, causing gaps that impact feeding, speech, and hearing. Treatment typically involves multiple surgeries and a multidisciplinary approach to correct these defects progressively.
Facial Trauma
Injuries to the face, such as fractures to jaws or cheekbones, can affect breathing, speaking, and vision. Oral and maxillofacial surgeons are crucial in treating such injuries, emphasizing the importance of protective gear like seat belts and helmets to prevent accidents.
Temporomandibular Joint Surgery
TMJ disorders cause symptoms like jaw pain, headaches, and limited movement, with treatments ranging from non-invasive therapies to surgeries such as arthroscopy or tissue repair, tailored to the severity of symptoms.
Oral Cancer
Regular self-exams for signs of oral cancer, such as unusual patches or lumps, are vital. Oral surgeons perform biopsies to diagnose and treat, highlighting the importance of early detection for successful outcomes.
Implants
Dental implants are robust, long-lasting replacements for lost teeth, secured in the jawbone and designed to prevent bone loss while restoring tooth function. They are made from titanium, which integrates with the bone, mimicking the natural tooth root.
Outpatient Anesthesia
Oral surgeons provide safe, effective outpatient anesthesia, trained extensively during medical anesthesiology rotations. This preparation ensures comprehensive care during dental procedures, maintaining patient comfort and safety.